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  • Fiat Zero 12/15 hp (1912-1915)
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Info

Fiat Zero 12/15 hp

Fiat Zero 12/15 hp

Manufacturer

  FIAT

Main type

Torpedo

Production

from 1912  to 1915

Replaces the

Fiat Tipo 1

Replaced by

Fiat 70

Produced

2,200 

 

The Fiat Zero , also known as the Fiat 12/15 hp , is a car produced by the Turin-based car manufacturer FIAT from 1912 to 1915 . 

History

Before the outbreak of the First World War European car manufacturers began mass-production, following the example of Henry Ford in Detroit. The Fiat company was not among the passive onlookers. As early as 1910 the prototypes of the future Fiat Zero had been seen in the streets of Turin. They were first introduced on the market as late as 1912, when the assembly lines and modified conditions of volume production had been well run in.
Although the Fiat Zero followed the '1' model, it was shorter than its predecessor  hence the name Zero.

This car, thanks to its performance, realiabiity, longevity, and low price, was highly favoured by the public. The Zero was fitted with a 15hp four-cylinder in-line 1846 cc engine, with bore and stroke of 70 x 120mm. The drive to the rear axle was transmitted via a four-speed gearbox and a propeller shaft.

The chassis was supported on longitudinal semi-elliptic springs at the front and quarter-elliptic springs at the rear.
The first models were sold in the 'teardrop' version. By 1915 2041 had been built. One necessity for mass-production was strict standardization of all materials and prefabricated sections. Thanks to the standardization introduced in the production of this model, the use of different kinds of steel was cut down to one third, out of a thousand steel tubes only 36 were used, and 52 bearings instead of several hundred. This simplified supply, storage, and assembly procedures.
In 1915 an improved version of the Zero model was announced, fitted with a more powerful engine developing 14kW (19hp) at 2000 rpm. This car had electric lighting. It weighed 900kg (19801b) and had a top speed of 62km/h (39mph). The company provided a chassis fitted with either Spider or Laudaulet coachwork. A windscreen was among the novelties introduced in this model. Until then drivers had regarded this as unnecessary, since it obstructed the
view on a nice day and was a nuisance when it rained.

The Fiat Zero was an important model for the history of Pininfarina ; its founder, not yet an entrepreneur but a simple designer , prepared a design for the car's radiator and his design was chosen in contrast to that prepared by the technicians of Fiat itself. 

The car, sold by the house in torpedo configuration , cost 8,000 lire , then lowered to 6,900 lire  The Zero was equipped with an engine of 1.9 liters which developed 15 hp and could reach 70 km / h. The car traveled about 5.1 km per liter. The Zero was the first Fiat car to be sold in more than 2000 copies .However, it was  not a popular car, as its price of 8,000 lire was equivalent to that of an apartment and still made it inaccessible to most .

 In 1915 the electrical system was also installed, but production ceased due to the transformation of FIAT into a war industry following the entry of Italy into  the First World War .

Production stoped due to world war one, when the factory was converted for war production .

Fiat Zero motor car history (1912-1915)

Related items
Italian Automotive 1910s | Vehicles launched in 1912

Technical

  •  Fiat Zero Technical details and specifications 

    Body :four-door torpedo , with wooden frame and steel sheet covering; waterproof canvas cover

    Engine position : longitudinal front

    Traction : rear

    Dimensions and weights

    Dimensions (length × width × × height in mm ): 3660 × 1450 × 1180

    Minimum turning circle diameter : 10.3  m

    Wheelbase : 2645 mm

    Carriageways : front 1200 - rear 1200 mm

    Minimum height from the ground : 245 mm

    Total seats: two front seats and two rear seats

    Luggage compartment :

    Tank :

    Masses

    empty: 900  kg

    Mechanics

    Motor type : 51 A, 4-stroke petrol, Compression ratio : 4.2: 1. Water circulation coolingwith centrifugal pump

    Displacement : ( Bore and stroke : 70 x 120 mm) 1847  cm³

    Distribution : 2 valves per cylinder, side valves controlled by a cam axis in the crankcase

    Power supply : carburettor

    Engine performance

    Power : 19 hp at 1800 rpm

    Ignition : high voltage magnet, burst order: 1-3-4-2

    Electrical system : 12 V (only from 1915)

    Clutch : dry single-disc

    Gearbox : 4-speed + RM,helical bevel gear pair contained in the rear axle

    Frame

    Car body

    Frame with bent side members, with reinforcement crosspieces

    Steering

    with worm screw and helical wheel

    Suspensions

    front: rigid bridge, with semi-elliptical / rear leaf springs : rigid bridge, with semi-elliptic leaf springs

    Brakes

    front: / rear: hand expanding mechanical, belt pedal on the transmission

    Tires

    Low pressure 760X90 / Looking for : Spoke type Sankey

    Declared performances

    Speed : 70  km / h

    Acceleration :

    consumption

    12 l / 100 Km (8.3 Km / l)

    Other

    Lubrication

    forced, with gear pump

    Maximum slope overcome

    16%

         

     

Maintenance

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