Electrical & electronic
Electrical and electronic automotive parts.Guides, service and repairs.
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Airbag Systems
Technical Guides
Car Airbag Systems explained An airbag is a vehicle safety device. It is an occupant restraint system consisting of a flexible fabric envelope or cushion designed to inflate ...
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Alfa Romeo ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Alfa Romeo Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Alfa Romeo cars with a ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning ...
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Alternator and Dynamo difference
Technical Guides
The difference between a dynamo and an alternator What is the difference between a dynamo and an alternator ? A dynamo is fitted to many early cars up to the 1980s on some models ...
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Alternator bushes Replace
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Replace Car alternator bushes Most alternators have brushes fitted into a plastic brush holder,held to the rear casing of the alternator by two or three screws or bolts. With a ...
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Alternator How it works
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Alternator How it works The alternator produces electricity used to maintain battery storage charge and to help run all the electrical accessories, including the ignition and ...
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Alternator how to remove
RegisteredTechnical Guides
How to remove a Car Alternator The alternator is bolted to the side of the engine and is driven by the drive belt. Most alternators are quite easy to remove but on some ...
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Alternator overhaul
Technical Guides
Motor car Guide to Classic Car alternator sevice & overhaul Replace Internal Brushes Except for the Lucas ACR series, most alternators with internal brushes are difficult to ...
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Alternator Voltage check
Technical Guides
Car alternator Voltage check for faults A Simple guide for checking the cars alternator and voltage regulator for possible faults is an important task, especially more so for ...
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AMG ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for AMG Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on AMG cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. © Motor Car History Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance C ...
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Ammeter gauge how it works
Technical Guides
Ammeter gauge Should you fit an Ammeter gauge what can it do? The ammeter indicates how rapidly electrical energy is flowing into or out of the battery, and whether electrical ...
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Anti-hijack system
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Anti-hijack system An anti-hijack system is an electronic system fitted to motor vehicles to deter criminals from hijacking them. Although these types of systems are becoming ...
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Audi ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Audi Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Audi cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. © Motor Car History Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning ...
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Automatic vehicle location
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Automatic vehicle location Automatic vehicle location (AVL or locating; telelocating in EU) is a means for automatically determining the geographic location of a vehicle and ...
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Base units Terms Explained SI 2
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Base units Terms Explained Derived units are formed by powers, products or quotients of the base units and are unlimited in number; Derived units are associated with derived ...
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Battery Construction Lead Acid
Technical Guides
Construction of a traditional Automobile Lead Acid battery The construction of the traditional Automobile Lead Acid battery comprises the number of cells needed to produce the ...
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Battery explained
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Battery The battery is a storage device, currently 12 volts, used to start the engine and help operate the electrical accessories installed on your car. The battery consists ...
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Bentley ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Bentley Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Bentley cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance Azure 6.8 389 ...
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BMW ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for BMW Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on BMW cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original SRS II Tuning Performance 1 Series E81 116i ...
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Brake lights not working Classic cars
Technical Guides
Brake lights not working? Classic cars Have your brake lights gone out? If this is the case, a few easy checks should quickly reveal the problem. Driving without working brake ...
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Car Abbreviations Explained
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Abbreviations & Acronyms Explained Car jargon buster what does that stand for? # to G 4WD: Four Wheel Drive ABS: Anti-lock Braking System AC: Air Conditioning ACC: Adaptive ...
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Car Bulbs & Types
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Bulbs types and checks How to remove a Car Bulb Remove the bulb and look at it against the sky you may be able to see whether the filament has broken. If you cannot tell, ...
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Car Horn fault
Technical Guides
Problems with a car’s Horn If the vehicle horn will not sound or is insufficiently loud or may continually sound. Simple Guide. Note some systems may only have a single horn or a ...
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Caterham ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Caterham cars Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Caterham cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance ...
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Chrysler ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Chrysler Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Chrysler cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning Performance 300C ...
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Citroen ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Citroen Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Citroen cars and vans with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP SRS II Tuning ...
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Classic car Spark Plug Service
Technical Guides
How to do a Car Spark Plug Service Removal, Inspection and Refit Spark plugs are among the most vital parts of the ignition system. Their condition and adjustment affect both ...
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Contact breaker
Technical Guides
Car Contact breaker explained A contact breaker (or "points") is a type of electrical switch, and the term typically refers to the switching device found in the distributor of ...
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Coolant temperature Sensor
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car coolant temperature sensor explained The coolant temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of the engine coolant of an internal combustion engine. The readings ...
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Crankshaft position Sensor
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Crankshaft position sensor A crank position sensor is an electronic device used in an internal combustion engine to monitor the position or rotational speed of the crankshaft. ...
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Dacia ECU upgrades
RegisteredTechnical Guides
ECU Remapping for Dacia Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Dacia cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance Logan 1.4 75 BHP ...
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Daewoo ECU upgrades
Technical Guides
ECU Remapping for Daewoo Guide to possible BHP and Torgue improvement, on Daewoo cars with ECU remapping or upgrade. Model Variant Original BHP Tuning Performance Aranos 2.0 104 ...
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Daytime running lamp
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Daytime running lamps A daytime running lamp (DRL, also daylight running lamp or daytime running light) is an automotive lighting device on the front of a roadgoing motor ...
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Defogger exlained
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Car Defogger A defogger, demister, or defroster is a system to clear condensation and thaw frost from the windshield, backglass, and/or side windows of a motor vehicle. For ...
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Distributor explaned
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Distributor explaned A distributor is a device in the ignition system of an internal combustion engine that routes high voltage from the ignition coil to the spark plugs in the ...
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Driving lamps
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Driving lamps "Driving lamp" is a term deriving from the early days of nighttime driving, when it was relatively rare to encounter an opposing vehicle.Only on those occasions ...
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Dynamo Changing commutator end-bracket
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Dynamo Changing the commutator end-bracket bush How to Change the commutator end-bracket bush in a Dynamo. Inspect the commutator end-bracket before refitting it on the dynamo ...
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Dynamo changing the brushes
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Changing the brushes in the dynamo How and when to change the brushes in a dynamo. Tools: Screwdrivers; fine file; stiff brush. Materials: Petrol-moistened rag; fine glass-paper; ...
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Dynamo check and cleaning commutator
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Checking and cleaning the commutator in the dynamo How to check and clean the commutator in the dynamo. Toots: Calipers; hacksaw blade. Materials: Fine glass-paper; cleaning rag. ...
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Dynamo removing and dismantling
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Removing and dismantling the dynamo If your ammeter shows that the battery is not recharging, or if a red warning light comes on, then the dynamo may be faulty. Tools: Two ...
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ECU Programmable
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Aftermarket Programmable ECU A special category of ECUs are those which are programmable. These units do not have a fixed behaviour and can be reprogrammed by the user. ...
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ECU Remapping
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Understanding ECU Remapping ECU Remapping How does an ECU Upgrade work? Re-mapping or performance tuning means that the standard software is modified, especially the parameters ...
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ECU Understanding
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Understanding the ECU Modes of Operation When you first turn the key and the engine is cold, the coolant is cold, the fuel is cold, the oxygen sensors are cold and the engine ...
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ECU Workings Explained
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Workings of a ECU An engine control unit (ECU), most commonly called the powertrain control module (PCM), is a type of electronic control unit that controls a series of actuators ...
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Electrical Current terms
RegisteredTechnical Guides
Electrical Current terms The three main terms used in electricity are; (1) Ampere or Amp, which denotes the measure of current flow. (2) Volt, denoting the measure of electrical ...
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Electrical System Circuit Tester Checker
Technical Guides
Electrical System Circuit Light Test Checker A Simple test light is used to check the continuity of an electrical circuit a basic cheap test solution. How to use a test light on ...
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