Renault Type F engine

F8M,F1N,F2N,F3N,F2R,F3R,F5R,F7R

The Renault F type engine is a Diesel and Petrol engine made since the 1980s.

History 

The Renault F engine is a internal combustion automobile, four-stroke , with 4 cylinders in line bored directly in the cast block, water-cooled, with a crankshaft 5 bearings, with shafts  by a belt distribution toothed, with a cylinder head made of aluminum, OHV, developed and manufactured by Renault in the early 1980s. This engine is available in petrol and diesel versions, with 8 or 16 valves . first making its appearance on the Renault 9 and Renault 11 .

In December 1982 The Régie Renault proposed a new diesel all of 1596cc and 55 bhp DIN for its Renault 9 . It will bear the designation “F8M”  . This new 1.6 D engine designed by engineer Georges Douin and his team, turns a page in the history of Renault, the latter in fact had not created for a long time, an entirely new engine entirely Renault design. In addition, this new diesel breaks with certain old house habits, in particular with regard to the machining of cylinders, since this engine no longer has removable liners so often praised by Renault to promote easy exchanges known as "with whip ”, the technicians considered that this argument had lost much of its interest thanks to the progress of the technology of metals which appreciably slows down the wear of the machined friction parts. 

This modern 4-cylinder obviously adopts an overhead camshaft, the drive of which is operated by a toothed belt which also controls the diesel injection pump. A second belt turns the alternator and the water pump, while a vacuum pump is located at the rear for brake assistance by Master Vac. The cast iron block is topped by a Ricardo Comet pre-chambered light alloy cylinder head. In use, this new engine will not be greedy. This is the real first Renault diesel engine, since the  2.1D  “ Douvrin engine ” (type J8S) of the Renault 20 and Renault 30 was produced by the Société Française de Mécanique.. The Renault 9's F8M engine is placed transversely under the hood, tilted 12 ° rearward. The direction of rotation of this motor is clockwise (distribution side). A few months after the launch of the Renault 9 Diesel, the Renault 11 was launched in April 1983 which will adopt this new diesel later, in the fall of 1983  .

In the fall of 1983, Renault launched its new 1721 cc “F2N” petrol engine  with double-barrel carburettor based on the 1.6D F8M engine, it has a diesel-type architecture with combustion chambers integrated into the pistons, which is not common in a gasoline engine. It appears on the “  Renault 11 GTX”, “  Renault 11 TXE” and futuristic “  R11 TXE Electronic  ” with digital counter and speech synthesis. In February 1984, the Renault 9 in turn adopts the 1.7-liter “F2N” engine for its new “R9 GTX” and “R9 TXE” versions. Until the arrival of the F2N engine, the Renault 9 and Renault 11 petrol, were equipped only with “  Cléon-Fonte engines  ” of 1,108  cc and 1,397  cc with lateral camshaft, which were of old design, since this engine had appeared in 1962 on the Renault Florida S and Renault 8 . For the high-end versions of the Renault 9 and Renault 11, it was necessary to have a more efficient engine and above all of a more modern design, which will be the role of the F2N engine, Renault no longer wishing to use the "  Cléon-Alu engine. Of the Renault 18 , which was also of an older design. The versions with  Cléon-Fonte engines  were of course retained and, moreover, later the sports versions  Renault 9 Turbo  and  Renault 11 Turbo  will be equipped with the  Cléon-Fonte engine  of 1.4 liter equipped with 'a Garett turbo .

The Renault 9 and Renault 11 are essential models for Renault because not only do they give birth to the “F engine”, but they also inaugurate a new technical base which will be used on many models. Indeed, their chassis is reused on the Renault 19 , Mégane I and Scénic I , and derived for the Super 5 , Express , Clio I , Clio II , Kangoo I and Twingo II . The Renault 9 and Renault 11 were the first cars to use a Renault engine (“  Cléon-Fonte ») In transverse position, which will give birth to the JB gearboxes which will still equip the Twingo II. (The Renault 14 was the first Renault with a powertrain in the transverse position, but with a front axle derived from the Peugeot 104 , its "  X engine  " came from the Société Française de Mécanique common to Peugeot and Renault, an engine also used on Peugeot , Talbot and Citroën models .)

The fact that the F2N engine is designed on a diesel engine basis, makes it a very beefy engine, but with its cylinder head by design that places the intake manifold just above the exhaust manifold, causes overheating. the carburetor base which over time deforms and creates an air intake . Subsequently, the 1.6D F8M diesel engine will also equip the Super 5 , Express (Rapid / Extra) , as well as the Volvo 340 and Volvo 360 . The F2N gasoline engine of 1721  cc equip Renault 21 , Super 5 , Renault 19 , Clio I , Volvo 340, Volvo 360 and also the Volvo 440 , 460 and the 480 coupe (at Volvo , this engine will be called B18KP). A version with a single-barrel 1721 cc petrol carburettor  will be fitted to certain Renault Trafic I and certain R21s ; it will take the “F1N” engine type .

The 1721  cc petrol will also exist in electronic injections (single point and multipoint), it will take the "F3N" engine type: In single point injection version, it will equip the American versions of the Renault 9 and Renault 11 ( Renault Alliance and Renault Encore ) or again the American R21s ( Renault Médaillon ). In multipoint injection version on the Renault 9 GTE, Renault 11 GTE and Super 5 GTE which will be the sports versions of the R9 , R11 and Super 5in certain countries such as Switzerland and Germany, because the turbo carbureted engines no longer met the pollution standards in these countries (therefore the Super 5 GTE will be marketed instead of the Super 5 GT Turbo , the R9 GTE at the instead of the Renault 9 Turbo and the R11 GTE in place of the Renault 11 Turbo . The “F3N” with multipoint injection will also be fitted to the Renault 19 TXI, with a power of 107 hp .

Volvo will even graft a turbo on the 1721  cc gasoline with “multipoint” injection and will take the “B18FT” engine type (Volvo designation), and will equip the Volvo 480 Turbo coupe , the Volvo 440 Turbo and the Volvo 460 Turbo. These engines are often sought after to swap Super 5 GT Turbo , Renault 9 Turbo and Renault 11 Turbo .

Petrol Versions 

In 1986, a 2.0 liter version appeared, with a displacement of 1,965  cc^, F2R type in double-barrel carburetor version and F3R in injection version. The F3R of 1965  cc equip Renault Alliance GTA North America.

In 1989, Renault launched the sporty version of the Renault 19 , replacing the Renault 9 Turbo and Renault 11 Turbo , and Renault abandoned its legendary 1.4 “Cléon-Fonte” turbo with carburetor in favor of a multi-valve engine and multipoint injection, it will be an evolution of the F2N engine of 1,721  cc , the stroke remains the same, but the bore is increased, which will give a displacement of 1,764  cc , topped with a cylinder head of 16 valves which will equip the R19 16S. This 140 hp DIN F7P  engine will also be fitted to the Clio 16S inFebruary 1991, replacing the Super 5 GT Turbo . InJuly 1992, the R19 16S and Clio 16S are fitted as standard with a catalytic converter, in order to comply with the pollution standards applicable to  January 1993, which makes them lose 3  ch .

The Clio Williams appeared in 1993. As its name does not indicate, the Renault Clio Williams was designed not to celebrate the titles gleaned in Formula 1 with the team of Franck Williams, but above all for homologation in competition (2,500 copies minimum required). Indeed, to race in group A, Renault needs a 2.0-  liter engine to be the best equipped in its category. It is therefore on the basis of the F7P engine block of the Renault Clio 16S that Renault will develop its 1,998  cc F7R with 150  hp DIN . The increase in displacement will therefore logically go through a re-bore of 0.7  mm and the adoption of a Clio diesel crankshaft to increase the stroke of83.5 to 93  mm . This original “road” crankshaft thus makes it possible to better cope with the constraints linked to the increase in torque, which will now reach 175  Nm at 4,500  rpm . The F7R will also be fitted to the Mégane I Coupé and Renault Spider .

As of  January 1993, all gasoline cars must be equipped with an injection system and a catalytic converter, on this occasion, the F2N of 1721  ccwill see its bore increase and will have a displacement of 1794  cc . It will carry the engine type "F3P" on the Clio I and Renault 19, and "B18U" on the Volvo 440 and Volvo 460. On the other hand, the Renault 21, then at the end of its career, retains its 1,721  cc but with the injection (F3N engine type). Volvo also retain the 1721  cc injection (B18EP type engine), along with the new 1794  cc . In 1994, the Laguna I will be equipped with the F3P engine.

Volvo will also market a version of 1596  cc gasoline with multipoint injection, and will type engine "B16F" (Volvo name) for the Volvo 440 and Volvo 460 . The particularity of this engine is to have the same bore and the same stroke as the F8M diesel, and therefore the same displacement.

An 8 valve version of the 115 hp DIN Clio Williams F7R engine will appear on the Laguna I, it will also be fitted to the Mégane I, Scénic I and Espace III , it will be called “F3R”. On the Volvo 440, 460 and 480, this engine will be called "B20F". This new F3R of 1998  cc replaces the old F3R of 1965  cc .

The F4P appeared in 1998, on the Laguna I phase 2. This new 1.8 (1783 cc ) with 16 valves will also equip the Mégane I, Scénic I, Laguna II ... At the same time the F4R is marketed on the Laguna I and the Espace III , this engine takes the displacement (1,998 cc ) of the F7R of the Clio Williams, it will also be fitted to the Mégane II , Mégane III , Laguna II … The particularity of the F4P and F4R engines is the fact that 'they have a 16-valve cylinder head similar to those of the "  K engines  " (K4J and K4M), moreover the F4P and F4R engines share the same timing kit and the same water pump as the "  16-valve K » engines (K4J and K4M).

In 1999, appearance of the F5R engine, it is about the engine of 1 998  cm ³ equipped with a direct injection. This 2.0 16s F5R IDE engine will be fitted to the Mégane I coupé and convertible, as well as the Laguna II. It will be the first French gasoline engine with direct injection.

In 2000, Renault launched the Clio II RS which will be equipped with the F4R engine of 1,998  cc with 16 valves developing 172  hp . In 2004, the Clio II RS phase 3 will see its power increased by 10  hp to reach 182  hp . In 2006, the Clio III RS will take over this engine, which will be revised and will develop 197  hp on phase 1, then 203 hp on the Clio III RS phase 2 . A 135 hp F4R is available on the Laguna II , Mégane II , Scénic II and Clio III .

The F4R will also be fitted with a turbo, and will bear the name F4RT, it will equip the Mégane II , Laguna II , Laguna III , Avantime and Vel Satis , but it is above all this base which will be used for the Mégane II RS of 225 hp (230 hp on the F1 Team R26 and R26.R version).

The Mégane III RS is presented in March 2009 at the Geneva Motor Show, it was fitted with the F4RT 2.0 16V Turbo unit from the Mégane II RS, increased to 250  hp . Injune 2011, Renault launched a limited series "RS Trophy", its power increased by 15  hp to reach 265  hp , then 275  hp .

Diesel versions 

At the start of 1987, the 1.6D underwent modifications to make it quieter. This second generation F8M will unfortunately be more fragile in terms of the cylinder head and the cylinder head gasket. In addition, asbestos will be dropped, which will exacerbate the problems with the head gaskets. Externally, a second generation F8M can be recognized by its cylinder head cover which is fixed by 6 small nuts, while a first generation F8M has 3 closed nuts to secure the cylinder head cover. The timing cover on a second generation F8M has an unpainted part around the injection pump, while on a first generation F8M the timing cover is completely black.

In 1988, Renault launched the Renault 19 to replace the R9 and R11, the 1.6D F8M diesel engine developing 55  DIN hp from its predecessors was not powerful enough to equip the heavier R19, Renault modified the race and the 1.6 D bore, in order to obtain 1,870  cc (1.9 D) which will give rise to the F8Q engine developing 65  hp . This engine will also equip later the Clio I , Express (Rapid / Extra) , R21, Mégane I , Scénic I and Traffic I . A deflated version developing 55  hpDIN will be introduced in the 1990s. This first generation F8Q will retain the cylinder head and head gasket problems of the second generation F8M. A second generation of F8Q will appear at the end of 1997, following the new pollution standards on the Kangoo I , it will also subsequently equip the Clio II , Mégane I phase 2 and Scénic I phase 2 . The cylinder head and head gasket problems are eradicated on this second generation, this version is also quieter than the first generation.

At the end of 1988, a turbo version of the 1.9D is marketed on the R19, this engine will take the F8QT engine type, it will develop 95  DIN hp . It will also equip the Mégane I , Scénic I , as well as the Volvo 440 , Volvo 460 , Volvo S40 , Volvo V40 and Mitsubishi Carisma.

In the fall of 1997, Renault fitted its 1.9 dT with direct injection, which would give birth to Renault's first direct injection engine on the Laguna I : the 1.9 dTi, it would take the F9Q engine type. It will also be fitted to the Mégane I , Scénic I , Clio II , Kangoo I , Espace III , as well as the Volvo S40 , Volvo V40 and Mitsubishi Carisma.

In July 1999, Renault fitted its 1.9 dTi with the principle of the high pressure common rail injection, which gave birth to the first dCi engine, the 1.9 dCi type F9Q. It will make its appearance on the Laguna I phase 2 . The 1.9 dCi will also be fitted to the Mégane I phase 2 , Scénic I phase 2 , Laguna II , Mégane II , Scénic II , Espace IV , Trafic II , Master II , Mégane III , Scénic III as well as the Volvo S40 , Volvo V40 , Suzuki Grand Vitara , Nissan Primera and Mitsubishi Carisma.

Sports versions 

This engine will be fitted in most Renault sports cars of the 1980s, 90s and 2000s:

• Renault 9 GTX phase 1 (in phase 2, the R9 GTX loses its "sporty" style)
• Renault 11 90 GT (limited series)
• Renault 9 GTE
• Renault 11 GTE
• Renault Alliance GTA
• Renault Super 5 GTX
• Renault Super 5 GTE
• Renault 19 16S
• Renault Clio 16S
• Renault Clio Williams
• Renault Spider
• Renault Mégane I Coupé 2.0 16V
• Renault Clio II RS
• Renault Megane II RS
• Renault Clio III RS
• Renault Megane III RS

Volvo:

• Volvo 440 Turbo
• Volvo 460 Turbo
• Volvo 480 Turbo

Dacia:

• Dacia Sandero RS

Praga:

• Praga R1